Contents
General Considerations
Attributes of an Acceptable Approach to a Bone or Joint
Factors to Consider When Choosing an Approach
Aseptic Technique
Surgical Principles
Anatomy
The Head
Approach to the Rostral Shaft of the Mandible
Approach to the Caudal Shaft and Ramus of the Mandible
Approach to the Ramus of the Mandible
Approach to the Temporomandibular Joint
Approach to the Dorsolateral Surface of the Skull
Approach to the Caudal Surface of the Skull
The Vertebral Column
Approach to Cervical Vertebrae 1 and 2 Through a Ventral Incision
Approach to Cervical Vertebrae 1 and 2 Through a Dorsal Incision
Approach to Cervical Vertebrae and Intervertebral Disks 2-7 Through a Ventral Incision
Approach to the Midcervical Vertebrae Through a Dorsal Incision
Approach to Cervical Vertebrae 3-6 Through a Lateral Incision
Approach to the Caudal Cervical and Cranial Thoracic Vertebrae Through a Dorsal Incision
Approach to the Thoracolumbar Vertebrae Through a Dorsal Incision
Approach to the Thoracolumbar Intervertebral Disks Through a Dorsolateral Incision
Approach to the Thoracolumbar Intervertebral Disks Through a Lateral Incision
Approach to Lumbar Vertebra 7 and the Sacrum Through a Dorsal Incision
Approach to the Lumbar Vertebrae 6 and 7 and the Sacrum Through a Ventral Abdominal Incision
Approach to the Caudal Vertebrae Through a Dorsal Incision
The Scapula and Shoulder Joint
Approach to the Body, Spine, and Acromion Process of the Scapula
Approach to the Craniolateral Region of the Shoulder Joint
Approach to the Craniolateral Region of the Shoulder Joint by Tenontomy of the Infraspinatus Muscle
Approach to the Caudolateral Region of the Shoulder Joint
Approach to the Caudal Region of the Shoulder Joint
Approach to the Craniomedial Region of the Shoulder Joint
Approach to the Cranial Region of the Shoulder Joint
The Forelimb
Approach to the Proximal Shaft of the Humerus
Approach to the Midshaft of the Humerus Through a Medial Craniolateral Incision
Approach to the Shaft of the Humerus Through a Medial Incision
Approach to the Distal Shaft of the Humerus Through a Craniolateral Incision
Approach to the Distal Shaft and Supracondylar Region of the Humerus Through a Medial Incision
Approach to the Lateral Aspect of the Humeral Condyle and Epicondyle
Approach to the Lateral Humeroulnar Part of the Elbow Joint
Approach to the Supracondylar Region of the Humerus and the Caudal Humeroulnar Part of the Elbow Joint
Approach to the Humeroulnar Part of the Elbow Joint by Osteotomy of the Tuber Olecrani
Approach to the Humeroulnar Part of the Elbow Joint by Tenotomy of the Triceps Tendon
Approach to the Elbow Joint by Osteotomy of the Proximal Ulnar Diaphysis
Approach to the Head of the Radius and Lateral Parts of the Elbow Joint
Approach to the Head of the Radius and Humeroradial Part of the Elbow Joint by Osteotomy of the Lateral Humeral Epicondyle
Approach to the Medial Humeral Epicondyle
Approach to the Medial Aspect of the Humeral Condyle and the Medial Cononoid Process of the Ulna by an Intermuscular Incision
Approach to the Medial Aspect of the Humeral Condyle and the Medial Coronoid Process of the Ulna by Osteotomy of the Medial Humeral Epicondyle
Approach to the Proximal Shaft and Trochlear Notch of the Ulna
Approach to the Tuber Olecrani
Approach to the Distal Shaft and Styloid Process of the Ulna
Approach to the Head and Proximal Metaphysis of the Radius
Approach to the Shaft of the Radius Through a Medial Incision
Approach to the Shaft of the Radius Through a Lateral Incision
Approach to the Distal Radius and Carpus Through a Dorsal Incision
Approach to the Distal Radius and Carpus Through a Palmaromedial Incision
Approach to the Accessory Carpal Bone and Palmarolateral Carpal Joints
Approach to the Metacarpal Bones
Approach to the Proximal Sesamoid Bones
Approaches to the Phalanges and Interphanlangeal Joints
The Pelvis and Hip Joint
Approach to the Wing of the Ilium and Dorsal Aspect of the Sacrum
Approach to the Ilium Through a Lateral Incision
Approach to the Ventral Aspect of the Sacrum
Approach to the Craniodorsal Aspect of the Hip Joint Through a Craniolateral Incision
Approach to the Dorsal Aspect of the Hip Joint Through an Intergluteal Incision
Approach to the Craniodorsal and Caudodorsal Aspects of the Hip Joint by Osteotomy of the Greater Trochanter
Approach to the Craniodorsal and Caudodorsal Aspects of the Hip Joint by Tenotomy of the Gluteal Muscles
Approach to the Caudal Aspect of the Hip Joint and Body of the Ischium
Approach to the Os Coxae
Approach to the Ventral Aspect of the Hip Joint or the Ramus of the Pubis
Approach to the Pubis and Pelvis Symphysis
Approach to the Ischium
The Hindlimb
Approach to the Greater Trochanter and Subtronchanteric Region of the Femur
Approach to the Shaft of the Femur
Approach to the Distal Femur and Stifle Joint Through a Lateral Incision
Approach to Stifle Joint Through a Lateral Incision
Approach to Stifle Joint Through a Medial Incision
Approach to Stifle Joint With Bilateral Exposure
Approach to the Distal Femur and Stifle Joint by Osteotomy of the Tibial Tuberosity
Approach to the Lateral Collateral Ligament and Caudolateral Part of the Stifle Joint
Approach to the Stifle Joint by Osteotomy of the Origin of the Lateral Collateral Ligament
Approach to the Medial Collateral Ligament and Caudomedial Part of the Stifle Joint
Approach to Stifle Joint by Osteotomy of the Origin of the Medial Collateral Ligament
Approach to the Proximal Tibia Through a Medial Incision
Approach to the Shaft of the Tibia
Approach to the Lateral Malleolous and Talocrural Joint
Approach to the Medial Malleolus and Talocrural Joint
Approach to the Tarsocrural Joint by Osteotomy of the Medial Malleolus
Approach to the Calcaneus
Approach to the Calcaneus and Plantar Aspects of the Tarsal Bones
Approach to the Lateral Bones of the Tarsus
Approach to the Medial Bones of the Tarsus
Approach to the Proximal Sesamoid Bones
Approach to the Phalanges and Interphalangeal Joints
Approach to the Metatarsal Bones
